Diabetes & Metabolism Journal

Original Articles

Drug/Regimen
Comparative Efficacy of Rosuvastatin Monotherapy and Rosuvastatin/Ezetimibe Combination Therapy on Insulin Sensitivity and Vascular Inflammatory Response in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Ji Hye Han, Kyong Hye Joung, Jun Choul Lee, Ok Soon Kim, Sorim Choung, Ji Min Kim, Yea Eun Kang, Hyon-Seung Yi, Ju Hee Lee, Bon Jeong Ku, Hyun Jin Kim; Diabetes Metab J. 2024;48(1):112-121. Published online January 3, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2022.0402

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Background
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) induces endothelial dysfunction and inflammation, which are the main factors for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. The present study aimed to compare the effects of rosuvastatin monotherapy and rosuvastatin/ezetimibe combination therapy on lipid profile, insulin sensitivity, and vascular inflammatory response in patients with T2DM.
Methods
A total of 101 patients with T2DM and dyslipidemia were randomized to either rosuvastatin monotherapy (5 mg/day, n=47) or rosuvastatin/ezetimibe combination therapy (5 mg/10 mg/day, n=45) and treated for 12 weeks. Serum lipids, glucose, insulin, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), and peroxiredoxin 4 (PRDX4) levels were determined before and after 12 weeks of treatment.
Results
The reduction in low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) by more than 50% from baseline after treatment was more in the combination therapy group. The serum sICAM-1 levels increased significantly in both groups, but there was no difference between the two groups. The significant changes in homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and PRDX4 were confirmed only in the subgroup in which LDL-C was reduced by 50% or more in the combination therapy group. However, after adjusting for diabetes mellitus duration and hypertension, the changes in HOMA-IR and PRDX4 were not significant between the two groups.
Conclusion
Although rosuvastatin/ezetimibe combination therapy had a greater LDL-C reduction effect than rosuvastatin monotherapy, it had no additional effects on insulin sensitivity and vascular inflammatory response. Further studies are needed on the effect of long-term treatment with ezetimibe on insulin sensitivity and vascular inflammatory response.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Combining Ezetimibe and Rosuvastatin: Impacts on Insulin Sensitivity and Vascular Inflammation in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Eun Roh
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2024; 48(1): 55. CrossRef

Others
Serum R-Spondin 1 Is a New Surrogate Marker for Obesity and Insulin Resistance: Yea Eun Kang, Ji Min Kim, Hyon-Seung Yi, Kyong Hye Joung, Ju Hee Lee, Hyun Jin Kim, Bon Jeong Ku; Diabetes Metab J. 2019;43(3):368-376. Published online October 23, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2018.0066

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Background

Recent in vivo studies indicated that R-spondin 1 (RSPO1) regulates food intake and increases insulin secretion, but its role in humans remains unknown. This study investigated the association between serum levels of RSPO1 and diverse metabolic parameters in humans.

Methods

The study population consisted of 43 subjects with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus, and 79 non-diabetic participants. Serum levels of RSPO1 were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The relationships between circulating RSPO1 and diverse metabolic parameters were analyzed.

Results

Circulating RSPO1 levels increased to a greater extent in the obese group than in the lean group. Moreover, serum levels of RSPO1 were higher in the insulin-resistant group than in the insulin-sensitive group. Serum levels of RSPO1 were significantly correlated with a range of metabolic parameters including body mass index, fasting C-peptide, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index, and lipid profile. Moreover, levels were significantly associated with insulin resistance and obesity in non-diabetic subjects.

Conclusion

This study demonstrated the association between serum levels of RSPO1 and a range of metabolic parameters in humans. Serum levels of RSPO1 are significantly related to obesity and insulin resistance, although the precise mechanisms remain unknown.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

LGR4: A New Receptor Member in Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases
Ningning Zhang, Mingyang Yuan, Jiqiu Wang
Endocrine Reviews.2023; 44(4): 647. CrossRef
R-Spondin1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome: relationships with insulin resistance and other parameters
Tuğba GÜRBÜZ, Oya GÖKMEN, Asena AYAR MADENLİ, Berna DİLBAZ
Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine.2023; 6(2): 449. CrossRef
An early prediction model for type 2 diabetes mellitus based on genetic variants and nongenetic risk factors in a Han Chinese cohort
Jinjin Li, Qun Ye, Hongxiao Jiao, Wanyao Wang, Kai Zhang, Chen Chen, Yuan Zhang, Shuzhi Feng, Ximo Wang, Yubao Chen, Huailin Gao, Fengjiang Wei, Wei-Dong Li
Frontiers in Endocrinology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Emerging Therapeutic Strategies for Attenuating Tubular EMT and Kidney Fibrosis by Targeting Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling
Lichao Hu, Mengyuan Ding, Weichun He
Frontiers in Pharmacology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Does Serum R-Spondin-1 Play a Role in PCOS Pathophysiology?
Osman BAŞPINAR, Yasin ŞİMŞEK, Derya KOÇER, Oğuzhan Sıtkı DİZDAR, Hatice KAYIŞ TOPALOĞLU
Genel Tıp Dergisi.2022; 32(5): 490. CrossRef
Silencing of RSPO1 mitigates obesity-related renal fibrosis in mice by deactivating Wnt/β-catenin pathway
Xuesong Su, Guangyu Zhou, Mi Tian, Si Wu, Yanqiu Wang
Experimental Cell Research.2021; 405(2): 112713. CrossRef
Exosome miR‐27a‐3p secreted from adipocytes targets ICOS to promote antitumor immunity in lung adenocarcinoma
Xuehan Fan, Jingya Wang, Tingting Qin, Yujia Zhang, Wenting Liu, Kaiting Jiang, Dingzhi Huang
Thoracic Cancer.2020; 11(6): 1453. CrossRef
Integrative Analyses of Genes Associated with Subcutaneous Insulin Resistance
Manoj Kumar Pujar, Basavaraj Vastrad, Chanabasayya Vastrad
Biomolecules.2019; 9(2): 37. CrossRef

Brief Report

Others
Serum Soluble Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Level Increase in Patients Newly Diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Ji Min Kim, Sorim Choung, Kyong Hye Joung, Ju Hee Lee, Hyun Jin Kim, Bon Jeong Ku; Diabetes Metab J. 2018;42(4):343-347. Published online May 2, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2017.0082

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We analyzed circulating soluble epidermal growth factor receptor (sEGFR) levels in humans. Serum sEGFR levels were higher in subjects with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus compared with controls. Serum sEGFR was positively correlated with glycosylated hemoglobin and serum glucose and negatively correlated with serum insulin and C-peptide levels.

Citations

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Increased serum extrachromosomal circular DNA SORBS1circle level is associated with insulin resistance in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus
Xiang Kong, Shu-jun Wan, Tian-bing Chen, Lan Jiang, Yu-jie Xing, Ya-ping Bai, Qiang Hua, Xin-ming Yao, Yong-li Zhao, Hong-mei Zhang, De-guo Wang, Qing Su, Kun Lv
Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
A Pilot Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies Novel Markers of Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Psoriasis
Seung-Min Oh, Su-Kang Kim, Hye-Jin Ahn, Ki-Heon Jeong
Annals of Dermatology.2023; 35(4): 285. CrossRef
Effect of cholesterol-lowering agents on soluble epidermal growth factor receptor level in type 2 diabetes and hypercholesterolemia
Jun Choul Lee, Kyong Hye Joung, Ji Min Kim, Seon Mee Kang, Hyun Jin Kim, Bon Jeong Ku
Medicine.2022; 101(34): e30287. CrossRef
Soluble EGFR, a hepatokine, and adipsin, an adipokine, are biomarkers correlated with distinct aspects of insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes subjects
Mayu Kyohara, Jun Shirakawa, Tomoko Okuyama, Yu Togashi, Ryota Inoue, Jinghe Li, Daisuke Miyashita, Yasuo Terauchi
Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Epidermal growth factor protects against myocardial ischaemia reperfusion injury through activating Nrf2 signalling pathway
Jun Ma, Ge Jin
Free Radical Research.2019; 53(3): 313. CrossRef

Original Articles

Others
Clinical Implications of Using Post-Challenge Plasma Glucose Levels for Early Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Older Individuals: Kyong Hye Joung, Sang Hyun Ju, Ji Min Kim, Sorim Choung, Jae Min Lee, Kang Seo Park, Hyun Jin Kim, Bon Jeong Ku; Diabetes Metab J. 2018;42(2):147-154. Published online February 13, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2018.42.2.147

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Background

The aim of this study was to explore the differences in the clinical characteristics and diagnostic rates of diabetes mellitus (DM) according to various criteria in different age groups and to evaluate the efficacy of each criterion for screening older patients.

Methods

We studied 515 patients and measured the fasting plasma glucose level (FPG), 2-hour plasma glucose level after the 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (2-hour postload glucose [2-h PG]), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) for re-evaluation of hyperglycemia without a history of diabetes. Patients with newly diagnosed DM were grouped by age as younger (<65 years) or older (≥65 years).

Results

Older patients had significantly lower HbA1c, FPG, and 2-h PG levels and a higher homeostatic level of pancreatic β-cell function compared with younger patients (P<0.001). The older group had the lowest diagnostic rate when using the FPG level (45.5%) and the highest diagnostic rate when using the 2-h PG level (84.6%). These results were mostly due to the higher frequency of isolated post-challenge hyperglycemia in the older patients than in the younger group (28.8% vs. 9.2%). The use of both the FPG and HbA1c levels significantly enhanced the low diagnostic power when employing only the FPG levels in the older group (71.2% vs. 45.5%).

Conclusion

In the older patients, the 2-h PG level was the most accurate diagnostic criterion. When we consider the costs and convenience, a combination of the FPG and HbA1c criteria may be recommended as a screening test for DM in older people.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

International Diabetes Federation Position Statement on the 1-hour post-load plasma glucose for the diagnosis of intermediate hyperglycaemia and type 2 diabetes
Michael Bergman, Melania Manco, Ilhan Satman, Juliana Chan, Maria Inês Schmidt, Giorgio Sesti, Teresa Vanessa Fiorentino, Muhammad Abdul-Ghani, Ram Jagannathan, Pramod Kumar Thyparambil Aravindakshan, Rafael Gabriel, Viswanathan Mohan, Martin Buysschaert,
Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice.2024; 209: 111589. CrossRef
A unified technique for entropy enhancement based diabetic retinopathy detection using hybrid neural network
Fatima, Muhammad Imran, Anayat Ullah, Muhammad Arif, Rida Noor
Computers in Biology and Medicine.2022; 145: 105424. CrossRef
In-silico identification of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)α/γ agonists from Ligand Expo Components database
Xiao-Yan Feng, Ting-Ting Ding, Ya-Ya Liu, Wei-Ren Xu, Xian-Chao Cheng
Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics.2021; 39(5): 1853. CrossRef

Others
Effect of Atorvastatin on Growth Differentiation Factor-15 in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Dyslipidemia: Ji Min Kim, Min Kyung Back, Hyon-Seung Yi, Kyong Hye Joung, Hyun Jin Kim, Bon Jeong Ku; Diabetes Metab J. 2016;40(1):70-78. Published online February 19, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2016.40.1.70

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Background

Elevated serum levels of growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) are associated with type 2 diabetes. Therefore, the effects of atorvastatin on metabolic parameters and GDF-15 levels in patients with type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia were evaluated.

Methods

In this prospective randomized trial from February 2013 to March 2014, 50 consecutive type 2 diabetic patients with a low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels ≥100 mg/dL were enrolled. The patients were divided into two groups based on the amount of atorvastatin prescribed, 10 mg/day (n=23) or 40 mg/day (n=27). The effect of atorvastatin on metabolic parameters, including lipid profiles and GDF-15 levels, at baseline and after 8 weeks of treatment were compared.

Results

The baseline metabolic parameters and GDF-15 levels were not significantly different between the two groups. After 8 weeks of treatment, the total cholesterol (TC) and LDL-C levels were significantly decreased in both groups. The mean changes in TC and LDL-C levels were more significant in the 40 mg atorvastatin group. The GDF-15 level was decreased in the 10 mg atorvastatin group, from 1,460.6±874.8 to 1,451.0±770.8 pg/mL, and was increased in the 40 mg atorvastatin group, from 1,271.6±801.0 to 1,341.4±855.2 pg/mL. However, the change in the GDF-15 level was not statistically significant in the 10 or 40 mg atorvastatin group (P=0.665 and P=0.745, respectively).

Conclusion

The GDF-15 levels were not significantly changed after an 8-week treatment with atorvastatin in type 2 diabetic patients.

Citations

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The relationship of Growth differentiation factor-15 with renal damage and dyslipidemia in non-albuminuric and albuminuric Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus
Hasan Esat Yücel, Bilal İlanbey
Medical Science and Discovery.2022; 9(6): 334. CrossRef
Comparative effectiveness of statins on non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol in people with diabetes and at risk of cardiovascular disease: systematic review and network meta-analysis
Alexander Hodkinson, Dialechti Tsimpida, Evangelos Kontopantelis, Martin K Rutter, Mamas A Mamas, Maria Panagioti
BMJ.2022; : e067731. CrossRef
The Cytokine Growth Differentiation Factor-15 and Skeletal Muscle Health: Portrait of an Emerging Widely Applicable Disease Biomarker
Boel De Paepe
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2022; 23(21): 13180. CrossRef
Biomarkers of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with psoriasis
Hannah Kaiser, Xing Wang, Amanda Kvist-Hansen, Martin Krakauer, Peter Michael Gørtz, Benjamin D. McCauley, Lone Skov, Christine Becker, Peter Riis Hansen
Scientific Reports.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Growth differentiation factor-15 regulates oxLDL-induced lipid homeostasis and autophagy in human macrophages
Kathrin Ackermann, Gabriel A. Bonaterra, Ralf Kinscherf, Anja Schwarz
Atherosclerosis.2019; 281: 128. CrossRef

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